Jude Chapter 1, Verse 16/commentary

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Î³Î¿Î³Î³Ï…ÏƒÏ„Î±Î¹ The substantive occurs here only in the New Testament. In the LXX. gonguzein and diagonguzein are used of the Israelites who complained against God and Moses, Ex 15:24, Ex 17:3 ; Num 14:29. So here these false brethren murmur not against the trials of life, but against their superiors, God and the doxai.

Î¼ÎµÎ¼ÏˆÎ¹Î¼Î¿Î¹ÏÎ¿Ï‚ (this word again is hapax legomenon) means "complaining of one's lot," "querulous." But here again we must understand, not that the false teachers lacked the spirit of resignation, but that they were recalcitrant and grumbled against authority. amemphimoiretos occurs, apparently in the sense of "uncomplaining," in a letter found on a papyrus of the second century B.C. ; see Deissmann, Bibelstudien, p. 211; omitted in Eng. tr.

ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ï„Î¿ ÏƒÏ„Î¿Î¼Î± Î±Ï…Ï„Ï‰Î½ Î»Î±Î»ÎµÎ¹ Ï…Ï€ÎµÏÎ¿Î³ÎºÎ±. Cf. 2 Pet 2:18, huperogka gar mataiotetos phthengomenoi. Jude's phrase bears resemblance to Ps 144⁸,11 hon to stoma elalese mataioteta. But it is probable that here again he is quoting from the Assumption of Moses vii. 21, "et os eorum loquetur ingentia" (the Greek text is not extant).

Î¸Î±Ï…Î¼Î±Î¶ÎµÎ¹Î½ Ï€ÏÎ¿ÏƒÏ‰Ï€Î¿Î½ (the phrase does not occur elsewhere in the New Testament, though we find blepein eis prosopon, Mt 22:16: lambanein prosopon, Lk 20:21) may come from Gen 19:21 ; Lev 19:15, or from the Assumption of Moses v. 16, "qui enim magistri sunt doctores eorum illis temporibus erunt mirantes personas cupiditatum (Fritzsche corrects nobilitatum) et acceptiones munerum et peruendent iustitias accipiendo poenas." It has been observed that Jude does not attack the covetousness of the false teachers except here and in the word misthou, Jude 1:11.

This entry includes text from the International Critical Commentary on Jude.

These are murmurers. The word here used does not elsewhere occur, though the word murmur is frequent, Mt 20:11 Lk 5:30; Jn 6:41, Jn 6:43,61 8:32 1Cor 10:10.

Comp. Jn 7:12 Acts 6:1 Phil 2:14; 1 Pet 4:9. The sense is that of repining or complaining under the allotments of Providence, or finding fault with God's plans, and purposes, and doings.

Complainers. Literally, finding fault with one's own lot (memqimoiroi.) The word does not elsewhere occur in the New Testament; the thing often occurs in this world. Nothing is more common than for men to complain of their lot; to think that it is hard; to com- pare theirs with that of others, and to blame God for not having made their circumstances different. The poor complain that they are not rich like others; the sick that they are not well; the enslaved that they are not free; the bereaved that they are deprived of friends; the ugly that they are not beautiful; those in humble life that their lot was not east among the great and the gay. The virtue that is opposed to this is contentment -- a virtue of inestimable value. See "Phil 4:11".

Walking after their own lusts. Giving unlimited indulgence to their appetites and passions. See "2 Pet 3:3".

And their mouth speaketh great swelling words. See "2 Pet 2:18".

Having men's persons in admiration. Showing great respect to certain persons, particularly the rich and the great. The idea is, that they were not just in the esteem which they had for others, or that they did not appreciate them according to their real worth, but paid special attention to one class in order to promote their selfish ends.

Because of advantage. Because they hoped to derive some benefit to themselves.